What do judges do? 

Judges are responsible for overseeing court cases and making sure the law is followed. They listen to arguments from lawyers, review evidence, and decide the outcome of cases. Judges also explain the law to juries and ensure that trials are fair for everyone involved. They play a key role in interpreting laws and sometimes set legal precedents that affect future cases.

What does a typical day look like for a judge?

A typical day for a judge can vary a lot depending on what type of court they work in. Many judges start the day reviewing case files, legal briefs, and evidence for upcoming hearings. They spend time making decisions on motions or requests from lawyers. Judges also meet with court staff, such as clerks and bailiffs, to organize court schedules and ensure trials run smoothly.

During court, judges hear cases and rule on legal matters. They may also guide juries by explaining legal rules and procedures. Outside the courtroom, judges write detailed opinions or rulings and may participate in continuing education to stay updated on new laws and legal precedents. Their work often involves long hours of reading, writing, and careful decision-making.

What skills or abilities are important for this job?

Judges need strong analytical and critical thinking skills because they must review complex legal documents and interpret laws. They also need excellent attention to detail to ensure that no important facts are overlooked. Good communication skills are essential, as judges must clearly explain the law to juries, attorneys, and the public, both verbally and in writing.

In addition, judges must have strong ethical judgment and fairness, since their decisions can significantly affect people’s lives. Patience and emotional control are also important, because court cases can be stressful and involve people who are upset or confrontational. Time management and organizational skills help judges handle a busy caseload while meeting deadlines for rulings and opinions.

What kind of education, certification, or training is required to become a judge?

To become a judge, a person usually first needs to earn a law degree (a Juris Doctor, or J.D.) from an accredited law school, which typically takes around 7 years. After graduating, they must pass the bar exam in the state where they plan to practice law. Most judges have several years of experience working as a lawyer before becoming a judge. In Arizona, judges must also be at least 30 years old.

In Arizona, judges can be either appointed or elected depending on the type of judge and where they are located. For example, in larger counties like Maricopa, superior court judges are nominated by a judicial selection committee and then appointed by the governor. Learn more at azcourts.gov/guidetoazcourts/Selection-of-Judges.

In Arizona, pro tempore (pro tem) judges are temporary judges who serve on a part-time or as-needed basis. They are often appointed to handle vacancies, cover absences, or manage high caseloads. To qualify, an attorney must be at least 30 years old, a resident of Arizona for at least five years, and have at least five years of legal practice experience. Pro tem judges do not go through the full judicial election or appointment process. Instead, local courts select candidates, and the Chief Justice of the Arizona Supreme Court formally appoints them.

What is the most challenging part about being a judge?

Judges are responsible for making tough decisions that can have a major impact on people’s lives. Judges must carefully review complex information, listen to arguments from both sides, and stay fair and unbiased, even in emotional or high-pressure situations. They also deal with long hours, stressful cases, and sometimes difficult or confrontational people, all while making sure the law is followed.

What are Judicial Performance Reports?

Judicial Performance Reports (JPR) are evaluations from the Arizona Commission on Judicial Performance Review (JPR) that help voters see how well judges are doing their jobs. The JPR collects feedback from people who have worked with or appeared before the judge, such as attorneys, jurors, and court staff. Based on this feedback, judges are rated on things like legal ability, integrity, and how they manage their courtroom. Before an election, the JPR publishes a report showing whether each judge meets the performance standards so voters can make informed choices. View the most recent Judicial Performance Reports.

How much money do judges make in Arizona? 

Visit the ZipRecruiter Judge Salary in Arizona page to view recent information on judge salaries in Arizona.